Setup

Let

$$ T=\inf\{t\ge 0:B_t=-a \text{ or } B_t=b\}, \qquad a,b>0. $$

We want

$$ \mathbb P(B_T=b). $$

Martingale used

Use the martingale $(B_t)$.

Before time $T$, the path stays in $[-a,b]$, so the stopped process is bounded and OST applies:

$$ \mathbb E[B_T]=\mathbb E[B_0]=0. $$

Solve for the probability

Since $B_T\in\{-a,b\}$, letting

$$ p=\mathbb P(B_T=b), $$

we have

$$ bp-a(1-p)=0. $$

Hence

$$ p=\frac{a}{a+b}. $$

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