Probability Distribution

Definition

A probability distribution assigns probabilities to events in a sample space. It is fully characterized by either:

Equivalently, by the cumulative distribution function:

$$ F(x) = \mathbb{P}(X \leq x). $$

Properties of the CDF

  • $F$ is non-decreasing and right-continuous.
  • $\lim_{x \to -\infty} F(x) = 0$ and $\lim_{x \to \infty} F(x) = 1$.